What are Some Common Medical Terms and Abbreviations?
February 9, 2022
Doctors and healthcare professionals deal with a vast variety of cases and medical terms on a daily basis. They often need to quickly scribble notes and prescriptions, and using medical abbreviations saves them a lot of time. Knowing what these medical acronyms mean can help you navigate through the medical field more easily. There is no specific standard that doctors follow when using common medical abbreviations, so the context in which the abbreviation is used is important. Below is a list of a few common medical terms and abbreviations which will come in handy the next time you visit a doctor.
Medical Terms
- Abrasion: A superficial cut or scrape which usually isn’t serious
- Abscess: A tender, swollen area in a tissue formed usually due to an infection
- Acute: Used to describe a condition or symptom that occurs suddenly and unexpectedly. It can be severe but does not last for a very long time
- Benign: Not cancerous or not harmful
- Biopsy: A test conducted on a tissue sample taken from the body for a closer examination
- Chronic: Used to describe an illness or condition that persists for a long time
- Contusion: A bruise
- Defibrillator: A medical apparatus that uses electric shocks to restore normal heartbeat
- Edema: Swelling caused by fluid in the body’s tissues
- Embolism: A block in an artery caused by a blood clot or an air bubble
- Epidermis: The outer layer of the skin
- Fracture: Broken bone or cartilage
- Gland: An organ or tissue that produces and releases chemical substances in the body for specific functions
- Hypertension: High blood pressure
- Inpatient: A patient who needs to be hospitalised
- Intravenous: Administering drugs or fluids through a vein
- Malignant: Cancerous
- Outpatient: A patient who needs treatment but does not need hospitalisation
- Prognosis: The estimated course of disease progression and treatment
- Relapse: When the illness reoccurs in a patient who was already cured of the illness at least once before
- Sutures: Stitches used to join tissues together
- Transplant: The removal of an organ or tissue from one body and implanted into another
- Vaccine: A substance or preparation that causes the body to produce antibodies required to fight a particular disease in the body
- Zoonotic disease: A disease that can be transferred from animals to humans
Medical Root Words
- Cardi/o: Related to the heart
- Derm/a/o, dermat/o: Related to the skin
- Encephal/o: Related to the brain
- Gastr/o: Related to the stomach
- Hemat/o: Related to blood
- My/o: Related to muscle
- Oste/o: Related to bone
- Pulmon/o: Refers to the lungs
- Rhin/o: Related to the nose
- Sclerosis: Hard or hardening
- Stasis: Slowing or stopping the flow of a bodily fluid
- Therm/o: Related to heat
Medical Abbreviations And Acronyms
- ALS: Advanced life support
- Bl wk: Blood work
- BMI: Body mass index
- BP: Blood pressure
- CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation)
- C-spine: Cervical spine
- DNR: Do not resuscitate (a medical order indicating that providers should not perform CPR)
- ED/ER: Emergency department or emergency room
- EKG: Electrocardiogram (a way of monitoring the heart and testing for problems)
- HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (often called ‘good’ cholesterol)
- HR: Heart rate, expressed as beats per minute
- LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (often called ‘bad’ cholesterol)
- Lytes: Electrolytes
- NICU: Neonatal intensive care unit (ICU for premature infants)
- OR: Operating room
- Pre-op: Preoperative
- Psych: Refers to psychiatry or the psychiatric ward
- PT: Physical therapy
- Rx: Prescription
- Stat: Immediately
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